Functioning of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pma1 H⁺-ATPase Carrying the Minimal Number of Cysteine Residues

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V. V. Petrov^1,2

¹Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Str., New Haven, CT 06510, USA

²Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Nauki 5, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; E-mail: vpetrov06@mail.ru

Received October 10, 2008; Revision received May 5, 2009

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Pma1 H⁺-ATPase is the primary proton pump in the plasma membrane of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It generates an electrochemical proton gradient, thus providing energy for secondary solute transport systems. The enzyme contains nine cysteines, three (Cys148, Cys312, and Cys867) in transmembrane segments and the rest (Cys221, Cys376, Cys409, Cys472, Cys532, and Cys569) in the cytosolic parts of the molecule. Although individually they are not essential for the functioning of the ATPase, substitution of all of them leads to the loss of enzyme activity and impairment of biogenesis. By means of site-directed mutagenesis combined with other molecular-biological and biochemical methods, this work defines different combinations of minimal cysteine content that are consistent with ATPase function.

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KEY WORDS: ATPase, plasma membrane, secretory vesicles, yeast, cysteine, site-directed mutagenesis

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297909100125

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