REVIEW: Search for Intracellular Sensors Involved in the Functioning of Monovalent Cations as Secondary Messengers

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E. A. Klimanova^1,a*, S. V. Sidorenko¹, A. M. Tverskoi¹, A. A. Shiyan¹, L. V. Smolyaninova¹, L. V. Kapilevich², S. V. Gusakova³, G. V. Maksimov¹, O. D. Lopina¹, and S. N. Orlov^1,2,3

¹Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, 119234 Moscow, Russia

²National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia

³Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 634050 Tomsk, Russia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received June 3, 2019; Revised July 15, 2019; Accepted July 16, 2019

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Maintenance of non-equilibrium Na⁺ and K⁺ distribution between cytoplasm and extracellular medium suggests existence of sensors responding with conformational transitions to the changes of these monovalent cations’ intracellular concentration. Molecular nature of monovalent cation sensors has been established in Na,K-ATPase, G-protein-coupled receptors, and heat shock proteins structural studies. Recently, it was found that changes in Na⁺ and K⁺ intracellular concentration are the key factors in the transcription and translation control, respectively. In this review, we summarize results of these studies and discuss physiological and pathophysiological significance of Na⁺_i,K⁺_i-dependent gene expression regulation mechanism.

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KEY WORDS: sodium, potassium, transcription, translation

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297919110063

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