REVIEW: Viral Infections: Negative Regulators of Apoptosis and Oncogenic Factors

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A. V. Zamaraev¹, B. Zhivotovsky^1,2, and G. S. Kopeina^1,a*

¹Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia

²Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received June 30, 2020; Revised September 9, 2020; Accepted September 9, 2020

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The disruption of apoptotic cell death process is closely associated with the etiology of various diseases, including cancer. Permanent viral infections can cause different types of cancers. Oncogenic viruses manipulate both external and internal apoptosis pathways, and inhibit the activity of proapoptotic proteins and signaling pathways, which facilitates carcinogenesis. Ineffective immune surveillance or immune response suppression can induce uncontrolled virus propagation and host cell proliferation. In this review, we discuss current data that provide insights into mechanisms of apoptotic death suppression by viruses and their role in oncogenesis.

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KEY WORDS: oncogenic viruses, apoptosis, carcinogenesis

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297920100077

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